SFDC Interview Questions - Part 1

1.    While developing your Visualforce pages you may need to be able to obtain the URL of certain actions, s-controls or your static resources.

I found it personally a challenge since the documentation for "URLFOR" function is not included in "Visualforce Developer Guide" itself and instead included in the general help area of Salesforce.

Generally you can use the "URLFOR" function for three purposes:

1.    Obtain URL of a s-control

2.    Obtain URL of a static resource

3.    Obtain URL of an object's action

In this article I will demonstrate usages of the three above.

Generally, URLFOR function returns a relative URL for an action, s-control, or a file in a static resource archive in a Visualforce page. Following the syntax of the function:

{!URLFOR(target, id, [inputs], [no override])}

Parameters shown in brackets ([]) are optional.

·         target: You can replace target with a URL or action, s-control or static resource.

·         id: This is id of the object or resource name (string type) in support of the provided target.

·         inputs: Any additional URL parameters you need to pass you can use this parameter.
you will to put the URL parameters in brackets and separate them with commas
ex: [param1="value1", param2="value2"]

·         no override: A Boolean value which defaults to false, it applies to targets for standard Salesforce pages. Replace "no override" with "true" when you want to display a standard Salesforce page regardless of whether you have defined an override for it elsewhere.

Obtaining URL of a s-control:

<!-- Use $SControl global veriable to reference your s-control and pass it to the URLFOR function -->

 <apex:outputLink value="{!URLFOR($SControl.MySControlName)}">Link to my S-Control</apex:outputLink>

Obtaining URL of a Static Resource

<!-- Use $Resource global veriable to reference your resource file -->

<apex:image url="{!URLFOR($Resource.LogoImg)}" width="50" height="50" />

<!-- If your file is in another ZIP file, then pass the path of the file as id to URLFOR -->

<apex:image url="{!URLFOR($Resource.CorpZip, 'images/logo.gif')}" width="50" height="50" />

Obtaining URLs of an Object's Actions:
In order to get URL of the an object's actions you need to know what actions that object supports. Below are some of the common actions most Objects support:

·         View: Shows the detail page of an object

·         Edit: Shows the object in Edit mode

·         Delete: URL for deleting an object

·         New: URL to create a new record of an object

·         Tab: URL to the home page of an object

However, each object may support additional actions for example Contactalso supports "Clone" action and Case supports "CloseCase" action.

<!-- Use $Action global varialble to access the New action reference -->

<apex:outputLink value="{!URLFOR($Action.Account.New)}">New</apex:outputLink>

<br/>

<!-- View action requires the id parameter, a standard controller can be used to obtain the id -->

<apex:outputLink value="{!URLFOR($Action.Account.view, account.id)}">View</apex:outputLink>

<br/>

<!-- Edit action requires the id parameter, id is taken from standard controller in this example -->

<apex:outputLink value="{!URLFOR($Action.Account.Edit, account.id)}">Edit</apex:outputLink> 

<br/>

<!-- Delete action requires the id parameter, also a confirm message is added to prevent deleting the record when clicked by mistake -->

<apex:outputLink value="{!URLFOR($Action.Account.delete, account.id)}" onclick="return window.confirm('Are you sure?');">Delete</apex:outputLink>

<br/>

<!-- From all custom buttons, links, s-controls and visualforce pages you can use the following to get the link of the object's homepage -->

<apex:outputLink value="{!URLFOR($Action.Account.Tab, $ObjectType.Account)}">Home</apex:outputLink>

Posted 17th December 2013 by vikramSFDC

  

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2.     

DEC

16

INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Vikram sfdc                                                                               

1. What is Apex

Ans: It is the in-house technology of salesforce.com which is similar to Java programming with object oriented concepts and to write our own custom logic.

2. What is S-Control ?
Ans: S-Controls are the predominant salesforce.com widgets which are completely based on Javascript. These are hosted by salesforce but executed at client side. S-Controls are superseded by Visualforce now.

3. What is a Visualforce Page ?
Ans: Visualforce is the new markup language from salesforce, by using which, We can render the standard styles of salesforce. We can still use HTML here in Visualforce. Each visualforce tag always begins with “apex” namespace. All the design part can be acomplished by using Visualforce Markup Language and the business logic can be written in custom controllers associated with the Page.

4. Will Visual force still supports the merge fields usage like S-control ?
Ans: Yes. Just like S-Controls, Visualforce Pages support embedded merge fields, like the {!$User.FirstName} used in the example.

5. Where to write Visualforce code ?
Ans: You can write the code basically in 3 ways.

1.                  setup->App Setup->Develop->Pages and create new Visulaforce page.

2.                  Setup -> My Personal Information -> Personal Information -> Edit check the checkbox development mode. When you run the page like this, https://ap1.salesforce.com/apex/MyTestPage. you will find the Page editor at the bottom of the page. You can write you page as well as the controller class associated with it, there it self.

3.                  Using EclipseIDE you can create the Visulaforce page and write the code.

6.What are Apex Governor Limits?

Governor limits are runtime limits enforced by the Apex runtime engine. Because Apex runs in a shared, multitenant environment, the Apex runtime engine strictly enforces a number of limits to ensure that code does not monopolize shared resources. Types of limits that Apex enforces are resources like memory, database resources, number of script statements to avoid infinite loops, and number of records being processed. If code exceeds a limit, the associated governor issues a runtime exception.

7. How to create and host S Control in Salesforce ?

http://shivasoft.in/blog/webtech/salesforce/how-to-create-s-control-in-salesforce/

http://shivasoft.in/blog/webtech/salesforce/how-to-host-s-control-in-visualforce-page/

8. Difference between Sandbox and Development environment?

http://shivasoft.in/blog/webtech/salesforce/difference-between-sandbox-and-developer-edition-in-salesforce/

9. How to schedule export or take the backup of salesforce?

http://shivasoft.in/blog/webtech/salesforce/backup-the-salesforce-data/

10. Do governor limits apply to sandbox instances?

Ans : Governor limits do apply to all Salesforce instances (trial, developer, production or sandbox environments). However code coverage and successful execution of test classes is only enforced when deploying to a production environment.

11. What is difference in ISNULL and ISBLANK?

ISNULL:

·                     Determines if an expression is null (blank) and returns TRUE if it is. If it contains a value, this function returns FALSE.

·                     Text fields are never null, so using this function with a text field always returns false. For example, the formula field IF(ISNULL(new__c) 1, 0) is always zero regardless of the value in the New field. For text fields, use the ISBLANK function instead.

·                     Multi-select picklist fields are never null in s-controls, buttons, and email templates, so using this function with a multi-select picklist field in those contexts always returns false.

·                     Empty date and date/time fields always return true when referenced in ISNULL functions.

·                     Choose Treat blank fields as blanks for your formula when referencing a number, percent, or currency field in an ISNULL function. Choosing Treat blank fields as zeroes gives blank fields the value of zero so none of them will be null.

·                     Merge fields can be handled as blanks, which can affect the results of components like s-controls because they can call this function.

·                     When using a validation rule to ensure that a number field contains a specific value, use the ISNULL function to include fields that do not contain any value. For example, to validate that a custom field contains a value of ’1,’ use the following validation rule to display an error if the field is blank or any other number: OR(ISNULL(field__c), field__c<>1)

ISBLANK:

·                     Determines if an expression has a value and returns TRUE if it does not. If it contains a value, this function returns FALSE.

·                     Use ISBLANK instead of ISNULL in new formulas. ISBLANK has the same functionality as ISNULL, but also supports text fields. Salesforce.com will continue to support ISNULL, so you do not need to change any existing formulas.

·                     A field is not empty if it contains a character, blank space, or zero. For example, a field that contains a space inserted with the spacebar is not empty.

·                     Use the BLANKVALUE function to return a specified string if the field does not have a value; use the ISBLANK function if you only want to check if the field has a value.

·                     If you use this function with a numeric field, the function only returns TRUE if the field has no value and is not configured to treat blank fields as zeroes.

for further study you can read this link.

12. Is it possible to write the Apex code from user Interface?

You can add, edit, or delete Apex using the Salesforce.com user interface only in a Developer Edition organization, a Salesforce.com Enterprise Edition trial organization, or sandboxorganization. In a Salesforce.com production organization, you can only make changes to Apex by using the Metadata API ,

deploycall, the Force.com IDE, or theForce.com Migration Tool. The Force.com IDE and Force.com Migration Tool are free resources provided by salesforce.com to support its users and partners, but are not considered part of our Services for purposes of the salesforce.com Master Subscription Agreement.

13. When you can’t add Time dependent action in Workflow rule?
You can’t add time-dependent actions to a rule if you choose Every time a record is created or edited.

For more study, check this article

14. What are the types of email templates available in salesforce.com?

1.                  Text

2.                  HTML with Letter Head

3.                  Custom HTML

4.                  Visual force

To study more on email templates, refer this article

15. What are the different Salesforce.com Editions and Limits?

Ans : check this URL

16. What is Roll up summary field in Salesforce?

Roll up summary field in salesforce calculates the Count, Sum, Min or Max of particular field of any child record. Thus, we can say that Roll up summary field can only be created on Master object. To read further, please check this URL

17. What will happen if the Account is deleted?

If the Account is deleted then Contact, Opportunity will also be deleted from Salesforce which are related to that Account.

From the database perspective, check below image of child relationships of Account:

Account Child relationship in salesforce

If we use schema builder, released in Winter 12 it would look like:

Account Contact and Opportunity of salesforce in schema builder

18. How many types of the relationship fields available in Salesforce?

Ans :

1.                  Master Detail

2.                  Many to Many

3.                  Lookup

4.                  Hierarchical (It is available only on User Object, we cannot create this relationship)

For further study read this.

19. How to create many to many relationships between object?

Creating many to many relationship in salesforce is little tricky. You cannot create this type of relationship directly. Follow below steps to create this type of relationship.

Create both objects which should be interlinked.

Create one custom object (also called as junction object), which should have autonumber as unique identification and create two master relationships for both objects, no need create tab for this object.

Now on both object, add this field as related list.

Check this article on blog to create many to many relationship in detail.

To study more in detail, please refer salesforce documents.

20. In Which sequence Trigger and automation rules run in Salesforce.com The following is the order salesforce logic is applied to a record.

1.                  Old record loaded from database (or initialized for new inserts)

2.                  New record values overwrite old values

3.                  System Validation Rules

4.                  All Apex “before” triggers (EE / UE only)

5.                  Custom Validation Rules

6.                  Record saved to database (but not committed)

7.                  Record reloaded from database

8.                  All Apex “after” triggers (EE / UE only)

9.                  Assignment rules

10.              Auto-response rules

11.              Workflow rules

12.              Escalation rules

13.              Parent Rollup Summary Formula value updated (if present)

14.              Database commit

15.              Post-commit logic (sending email)

Additional notes: There is no way to control the order of execution within each group above.

21. If one object in Salesforce have 2 triggers which runs “before insert”. Is there any way to control the sequence of execution of these triggers?

Ans : Salesforce.com has documented that trigger sequence cannot be predefined. As a best practice create one trigger per object and use comment blocks to separate different logic blocks. By having all logic in one trigger you may also be able to optimize on your SOQL queries.

22. How to delete the User from Salesforce?

Ans : As per now, salesforce does not allow to delete any user, however you can deactivate the user.